Task Based Metrics

Task based evaluation of machine translation tests the usefulness of machine translation output to perform a given task.

Task Based Metrics is the main subject of 13 publications. 2 are discussed here.

Publications

Clare R. Voss and Calandra R. Tate (2006): Task-based Evaluation of Machine Translation (MT) Engines. Measuring How Well People Extract Who, When, Where-Type ents in MT Output, Proceedings of the 11th Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation (EAMT)

DELETEIntroduction   ResearchGroups   AvailableSoftware   SpeechTranslation   SignLanguage   ComputerAidedTranslation   OtherApproaches   Deployment Data   ParallelCorpora   ComparableCorpora   Dictionaries   CorpusCleaning   SentenceAlignment   Truecasing   WordSegmentation   SpellingCorrection   SparseData   PivotLanguages   DomainAdaptation WordBasedModels   IBMModels   Symmetrization   WordAlignment     WordAlignmentBasedOnCoocurrence     WordAlignmentWithLinguisticAnnotation     WordAlignmentForSyntaxBasedModels     DiscriminativeWordAlignment     WordAlignmentCombination     WordAlignmentEvaluation     AlignmentOfSubsententialUnits   DictionariesFromComparableCorpora   LexicalChoice   MTWithoutWordAlignment PhraseBasedModels   PhraseBasedModelTraining   PhraseBasedModelEM   PhraseBasedModelRefinement   ContextFeatures   Smoothing   Paraphrasing   PruningLargeModels   SuffixArrays   ReorderingModels   PhraseBasedVsEBMT SyntaxBasedModels   InversionTransductionGrammars   HierarchicalModels   StringToTree   TreeToString   TreeToTree   BinarizingSCFG   GenerativeSyntaxModels   DependencyStructure   DeepSyntax   ParseQuality   ParallelTreebanks   SyntacticCoherence LinguisticProblems   UnknownWords   Morphology   GeneratingRichMorphology   FactoredTranslationModels   Compounds   TranslatingTenseCaseMarkers   TranslatingChunksAndClauses   DocumentLevelAspects   Transliteration     TransliterationWithFSM     TransliterationWithOtherMethods     ForwardTransliteration     TransliterationTrainingData     IntegratingTransliteration   SyntacticPrereordering   POSChunkPrereordering   SyntacticReranking   IntegratingSyntacticFeatures LanguageModels   NGramLanguageModels   TargetedLanguageModels   MorphologicalLanguageModels   VeryLargeLanguageModels Decoding   StackDecoding   ReorderingConstraints   WordBasedDecoding   FiniteStateMachines   DecodingComplexity   SyntaxModelDecoding Evaluation   EvaluationCampaigns   ManualMetrics   TaskBasedMetrics   EditRateMetrics   NGramMetrics   SyntaxBasedMetrics   CorrelationOfMetrics   TrainedMetrics   TranslationDifficulty   StatisticalSignificance MachineLearning   WordGraphs   ParameterTuning   Reranking   LargeScaleDiscriminativeTraining   MinimumBayesRisk   ConfidenceMeasures   SystemCombination   IncrementalUpdating NeuralNetworkModels   NeuralLanguageModels   AttentionModel   Training   Inference   Coverage   Vocabulary   Embeddings   MultilingualWordEmbeddings   MonolingualData   Adaptation   LinguisticAnnotation   MultilingualMultimodalMultitask   AlternativeArchitectures   AnalysisAndVisualization   NeuralComponentsInStatisticalMachineTranslation add

@InProceedings{Voss:2006:EAMT,
author = {Clare R. Voss and Calandra R. Tate},
title = {Task-based Evaluation of Machine Translation ({MT}) Engines. {M}easuring How Well People Extract Who, When, Where-Type ents in {MT} Output},
url = {http://www.mt-archive.info/EAMT-2006-Voss.pdf},
googlescholar = {11391804865777512191},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation (EAMT)},
month = {June},
address = {Oslo, Norway},
year = 2006
}

Douglas A. Jones and Timothy Anderson and Sabine Atwell and Brian Delaney and James Dirgin and Michael Emots and Neil Granoein and Martha Herzog and Timothy Hunter and Sargon Jabri and Wade Shen and Jurgen Sottung (2006): Toward an Interagency Language Roundtable Based Assessment of Speech-to-Speech Translation Capabilities, 5th Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas (AMTA)

DELETEIntroduction   ResearchGroups   AvailableSoftware   SpeechTranslation   SignLanguage   ComputerAidedTranslation   OtherApproaches   Deployment Data   ParallelCorpora   ComparableCorpora   Dictionaries   CorpusCleaning   SentenceAlignment   Truecasing   WordSegmentation   SpellingCorrection   SparseData   PivotLanguages   DomainAdaptation WordBasedModels   IBMModels   Symmetrization   WordAlignment     WordAlignmentBasedOnCoocurrence     WordAlignmentWithLinguisticAnnotation     WordAlignmentForSyntaxBasedModels     DiscriminativeWordAlignment     WordAlignmentCombination     WordAlignmentEvaluation     AlignmentOfSubsententialUnits   DictionariesFromComparableCorpora   LexicalChoice   MTWithoutWordAlignment PhraseBasedModels   PhraseBasedModelTraining   PhraseBasedModelEM   PhraseBasedModelRefinement   ContextFeatures   Smoothing   Paraphrasing   PruningLargeModels   SuffixArrays   ReorderingModels   PhraseBasedVsEBMT SyntaxBasedModels   InversionTransductionGrammars   HierarchicalModels   StringToTree   TreeToString   TreeToTree   BinarizingSCFG   GenerativeSyntaxModels   DependencyStructure   DeepSyntax   ParseQuality   ParallelTreebanks   SyntacticCoherence LinguisticProblems   UnknownWords   Morphology   GeneratingRichMorphology   FactoredTranslationModels   Compounds   TranslatingTenseCaseMarkers   TranslatingChunksAndClauses   DocumentLevelAspects   Transliteration     TransliterationWithFSM     TransliterationWithOtherMethods     ForwardTransliteration     TransliterationTrainingData     IntegratingTransliteration   SyntacticPrereordering   POSChunkPrereordering   SyntacticReranking   IntegratingSyntacticFeatures LanguageModels   NGramLanguageModels   TargetedLanguageModels   MorphologicalLanguageModels   VeryLargeLanguageModels Decoding   StackDecoding   ReorderingConstraints   WordBasedDecoding   FiniteStateMachines   DecodingComplexity   SyntaxModelDecoding Evaluation   EvaluationCampaigns   ManualMetrics   TaskBasedMetrics   EditRateMetrics   NGramMetrics   SyntaxBasedMetrics   CorrelationOfMetrics   TrainedMetrics   TranslationDifficulty   StatisticalSignificance MachineLearning   WordGraphs   ParameterTuning   Reranking   LargeScaleDiscriminativeTraining   MinimumBayesRisk   ConfidenceMeasures   SystemCombination   IncrementalUpdating NeuralNetworkModels   NeuralLanguageModels   AttentionModel   Training   Inference   Coverage   Vocabulary   Embeddings   MultilingualWordEmbeddings   MonolingualData   Adaptation   LinguisticAnnotation   MultilingualMultimodalMultitask   AlternativeArchitectures   AnalysisAndVisualization   NeuralComponentsInStatisticalMachineTranslation add

@InProceedings{Jones:2006:AMTA,
author = {Douglas A. Jones and Timothy Anderson and Sabine Atwell and Brian Delaney and James Dirgin and Michael Emots and Neil Granoein and Martha Herzog and Timothy Hunter and Sargon Jabri and Wade Shen and Jurgen Sottung},
title = {Toward an Interagency Language Roundtable Based Assessment of Speech-to-Speech Translation Capabilities},
booktitle = {5th Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas (AMTA)},
month = {August},
address = {Boston, Massachusetts},
year = 2006
}

Benchmarks

Discussion

Related Topics

New Publications

• Luisa Bentivogli and Mauro Cettolo and Marcello Federico and Christian Federmann (2018): Machine Translation Human Evaluation: a comprehensive investigation of evaluation based on Post-Editing and its relation with Direct Assessment, Proceedings of the International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation (IWSLT)

  DELETEIntroduction   ResearchGroups   AvailableSoftware   SpeechTranslation   SignLanguage   ComputerAidedTranslation   OtherApproaches   Deployment Data   ParallelCorpora   ComparableCorpora   Dictionaries   CorpusCleaning   SentenceAlignment   Truecasing   WordSegmentation   SpellingCorrection   SparseData   PivotLanguages   DomainAdaptation WordBasedModels   IBMModels   Symmetrization   WordAlignment     WordAlignmentBasedOnCoocurrence     WordAlignmentWithLinguisticAnnotation     WordAlignmentForSyntaxBasedModels     DiscriminativeWordAlignment     WordAlignmentCombination     WordAlignmentEvaluation     AlignmentOfSubsententialUnits   DictionariesFromComparableCorpora   LexicalChoice   MTWithoutWordAlignment PhraseBasedModels   PhraseBasedModelTraining   PhraseBasedModelEM   PhraseBasedModelRefinement   ContextFeatures   Smoothing   Paraphrasing   PruningLargeModels   SuffixArrays   ReorderingModels   PhraseBasedVsEBMT SyntaxBasedModels   InversionTransductionGrammars   HierarchicalModels   StringToTree   TreeToString   TreeToTree   BinarizingSCFG   GenerativeSyntaxModels   DependencyStructure   DeepSyntax   ParseQuality   ParallelTreebanks   SyntacticCoherence LinguisticProblems   UnknownWords   Morphology   GeneratingRichMorphology   FactoredTranslationModels   Compounds   TranslatingTenseCaseMarkers   TranslatingChunksAndClauses   DocumentLevelAspects   Transliteration     TransliterationWithFSM     TransliterationWithOtherMethods     ForwardTransliteration     TransliterationTrainingData     IntegratingTransliteration   SyntacticPrereordering   POSChunkPrereordering   SyntacticReranking   IntegratingSyntacticFeatures LanguageModels   NGramLanguageModels   TargetedLanguageModels   MorphologicalLanguageModels   VeryLargeLanguageModels Decoding   StackDecoding   ReorderingConstraints   WordBasedDecoding   FiniteStateMachines   DecodingComplexity   SyntaxModelDecoding Evaluation   EvaluationCampaigns   ManualMetrics   TaskBasedMetrics   EditRateMetrics   NGramMetrics   SyntaxBasedMetrics   CorrelationOfMetrics   TrainedMetrics   TranslationDifficulty   StatisticalSignificance MachineLearning   WordGraphs   ParameterTuning   Reranking   LargeScaleDiscriminativeTraining   MinimumBayesRisk   ConfidenceMeasures   SystemCombination   IncrementalUpdating NeuralNetworkModels   NeuralLanguageModels   AttentionModel   Training   Inference   Coverage   Vocabulary   Embeddings   MultilingualWordEmbeddings   MonolingualData   Adaptation   LinguisticAnnotation   MultilingualMultimodalMultitask   AlternativeArchitectures   AnalysisAndVisualization   NeuralComponentsInStatisticalMachineTranslation add

  

  @inproceedings{iwslt18-HumanEval-Bentivogli,
  author = {Luisa Bentivogli and Mauro Cettolo and Marcello Federico and Christian Federmann},
  title = {Machine Translation Human Evaluation: a comprehensive investigation of evaluation based on Post-Editing and its relation with Direct Assessment},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation (IWSLT)},
  year = 2018
  }
  Bentivogli et al. (2018)
• Ekaterina Ageeva and Mikel L. Forcada and Francis M. Tyers and Juan Antonio Pérez-Ortiz (2015): Evaluating machine translation for assimilation via a gap-filling task, Proceedings of the 18th Annual Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation

  DELETEIntroduction   ResearchGroups   AvailableSoftware   SpeechTranslation   SignLanguage   ComputerAidedTranslation   OtherApproaches   Deployment Data   ParallelCorpora   ComparableCorpora   Dictionaries   CorpusCleaning   SentenceAlignment   Truecasing   WordSegmentation   SpellingCorrection   SparseData   PivotLanguages   DomainAdaptation WordBasedModels   IBMModels   Symmetrization   WordAlignment     WordAlignmentBasedOnCoocurrence     WordAlignmentWithLinguisticAnnotation     WordAlignmentForSyntaxBasedModels     DiscriminativeWordAlignment     WordAlignmentCombination     WordAlignmentEvaluation     AlignmentOfSubsententialUnits   DictionariesFromComparableCorpora   LexicalChoice   MTWithoutWordAlignment PhraseBasedModels   PhraseBasedModelTraining   PhraseBasedModelEM   PhraseBasedModelRefinement   ContextFeatures   Smoothing   Paraphrasing   PruningLargeModels   SuffixArrays   ReorderingModels   PhraseBasedVsEBMT SyntaxBasedModels   InversionTransductionGrammars   HierarchicalModels   StringToTree   TreeToString   TreeToTree   BinarizingSCFG   GenerativeSyntaxModels   DependencyStructure   DeepSyntax   ParseQuality   ParallelTreebanks   SyntacticCoherence LinguisticProblems   UnknownWords   Morphology   GeneratingRichMorphology   FactoredTranslationModels   Compounds   TranslatingTenseCaseMarkers   TranslatingChunksAndClauses   DocumentLevelAspects   Transliteration     TransliterationWithFSM     TransliterationWithOtherMethods     ForwardTransliteration     TransliterationTrainingData     IntegratingTransliteration   SyntacticPrereordering   POSChunkPrereordering   SyntacticReranking   IntegratingSyntacticFeatures LanguageModels   NGramLanguageModels   TargetedLanguageModels   MorphologicalLanguageModels   VeryLargeLanguageModels Decoding   StackDecoding   ReorderingConstraints   WordBasedDecoding   FiniteStateMachines   DecodingComplexity   SyntaxModelDecoding Evaluation   EvaluationCampaigns   ManualMetrics   TaskBasedMetrics   EditRateMetrics   NGramMetrics   SyntaxBasedMetrics   CorrelationOfMetrics   TrainedMetrics   TranslationDifficulty   StatisticalSignificance MachineLearning   WordGraphs   ParameterTuning   Reranking   LargeScaleDiscriminativeTraining   MinimumBayesRisk   ConfidenceMeasures   SystemCombination   IncrementalUpdating NeuralNetworkModels   NeuralLanguageModels   AttentionModel   Training   Inference   Coverage   Vocabulary   Embeddings   MultilingualWordEmbeddings   MonolingualData   Adaptation   LinguisticAnnotation   MultilingualMultimodalMultitask   AlternativeArchitectures   AnalysisAndVisualization   NeuralComponentsInStatisticalMachineTranslation add

  

  @InProceedings{W15-4918,
  author = {Ekaterina Ageeva and Mikel L. Forcada and Francis M. Tyers and Juan Antonio P\'erez-Ortiz},
  title = {Evaluating machine translation for assimilation via a gap-filling task},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th Annual Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation},
  month = {May},
  address = {Antalya, Turkey},
  url = {http://aclweb.org/anthology/W15-4918},
  editor = {\^IIknur Durgar Elâ"‚¬"�Kahlout and Mehmed \"Ozkan and Felipe S\'anchezâ"‚¬"�Mart\'inez and Gema Ram\'irezâ"‚¬"�S\'anchez and Fred Hollowood and Andy Way},
  pages = {137--144},
  year = 2015
  }
  Ageeva et al. (2015)
• Sugiyama, Kyoshiro and Mizukami, Masahiro and Neubig, Graham and Yoshino, Koichiro and Sakti, Sakriani and Toda, Tomoki and Nakamura, Satoshi (2015): An Investigation of Machine Translation Evaluation Metrics in Cross-lingual Question Answering, Proceedings of the Tenth Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation

  DELETEIntroduction   ResearchGroups   AvailableSoftware   SpeechTranslation   SignLanguage   ComputerAidedTranslation   OtherApproaches   Deployment Data   ParallelCorpora   ComparableCorpora   Dictionaries   CorpusCleaning   SentenceAlignment   Truecasing   WordSegmentation   SpellingCorrection   SparseData   PivotLanguages   DomainAdaptation WordBasedModels   IBMModels   Symmetrization   WordAlignment     WordAlignmentBasedOnCoocurrence     WordAlignmentWithLinguisticAnnotation     WordAlignmentForSyntaxBasedModels     DiscriminativeWordAlignment     WordAlignmentCombination     WordAlignmentEvaluation     AlignmentOfSubsententialUnits   DictionariesFromComparableCorpora   LexicalChoice   MTWithoutWordAlignment PhraseBasedModels   PhraseBasedModelTraining   PhraseBasedModelEM   PhraseBasedModelRefinement   ContextFeatures   Smoothing   Paraphrasing   PruningLargeModels   SuffixArrays   ReorderingModels   PhraseBasedVsEBMT SyntaxBasedModels   InversionTransductionGrammars   HierarchicalModels   StringToTree   TreeToString   TreeToTree   BinarizingSCFG   GenerativeSyntaxModels   DependencyStructure   DeepSyntax   ParseQuality   ParallelTreebanks   SyntacticCoherence LinguisticProblems   UnknownWords   Morphology   GeneratingRichMorphology   FactoredTranslationModels   Compounds   TranslatingTenseCaseMarkers   TranslatingChunksAndClauses   DocumentLevelAspects   Transliteration     TransliterationWithFSM     TransliterationWithOtherMethods     ForwardTransliteration     TransliterationTrainingData     IntegratingTransliteration   SyntacticPrereordering   POSChunkPrereordering   SyntacticReranking   IntegratingSyntacticFeatures LanguageModels   NGramLanguageModels   TargetedLanguageModels   MorphologicalLanguageModels   VeryLargeLanguageModels Decoding   StackDecoding   ReorderingConstraints   WordBasedDecoding   FiniteStateMachines   DecodingComplexity   SyntaxModelDecoding Evaluation   EvaluationCampaigns   ManualMetrics   TaskBasedMetrics   EditRateMetrics   NGramMetrics   SyntaxBasedMetrics   CorrelationOfMetrics   TrainedMetrics   TranslationDifficulty   StatisticalSignificance MachineLearning   WordGraphs   ParameterTuning   Reranking   LargeScaleDiscriminativeTraining   MinimumBayesRisk   ConfidenceMeasures   SystemCombination   IncrementalUpdating NeuralNetworkModels   NeuralLanguageModels   AttentionModel   Training   Inference   Coverage   Vocabulary   Embeddings   MultilingualWordEmbeddings   MonolingualData   Adaptation   LinguisticAnnotation   MultilingualMultimodalMultitask   AlternativeArchitectures   AnalysisAndVisualization   NeuralComponentsInStatisticalMachineTranslation add

  

  @InProceedings{sugiyama-EtAl:2015:WMT,
  author = {Sugiyama, Kyoshiro and Mizukami, Masahiro and Neubig, Graham and Yoshino, Koichiro and Sakti, Sakriani and Toda, Tomoki and Nakamura, Satoshi},
  title = {An Investigation of Machine Translation Evaluation Metrics in Cross-lingual Question Answering},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Tenth Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation},
  month = {September},
  address = {Lisbon, Portugal},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {442--449},
  url = {http://aclweb.org/anthology/W15-3057},
  year = 2015
  }
  Sugiyama et al. (2015)
• Russell, Ben and Gillespie, Duncan (2016): Measuring the behavioral impact of machine translation quality improvements with A/B testing, Proceedings of the 2016 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing

  DELETEIntroduction   ResearchGroups   AvailableSoftware   SpeechTranslation   SignLanguage   ComputerAidedTranslation   OtherApproaches   Deployment Data   ParallelCorpora   ComparableCorpora   Dictionaries   CorpusCleaning   SentenceAlignment   Truecasing   WordSegmentation   SpellingCorrection   SparseData   PivotLanguages   DomainAdaptation WordBasedModels   IBMModels   Symmetrization   WordAlignment     WordAlignmentBasedOnCoocurrence     WordAlignmentWithLinguisticAnnotation     WordAlignmentForSyntaxBasedModels     DiscriminativeWordAlignment     WordAlignmentCombination     WordAlignmentEvaluation     AlignmentOfSubsententialUnits   DictionariesFromComparableCorpora   LexicalChoice   MTWithoutWordAlignment PhraseBasedModels   PhraseBasedModelTraining   PhraseBasedModelEM   PhraseBasedModelRefinement   ContextFeatures   Smoothing   Paraphrasing   PruningLargeModels   SuffixArrays   ReorderingModels   PhraseBasedVsEBMT SyntaxBasedModels   InversionTransductionGrammars   HierarchicalModels   StringToTree   TreeToString   TreeToTree   BinarizingSCFG   GenerativeSyntaxModels   DependencyStructure   DeepSyntax   ParseQuality   ParallelTreebanks   SyntacticCoherence LinguisticProblems   UnknownWords   Morphology   GeneratingRichMorphology   FactoredTranslationModels   Compounds   TranslatingTenseCaseMarkers   TranslatingChunksAndClauses   DocumentLevelAspects   Transliteration     TransliterationWithFSM     TransliterationWithOtherMethods     ForwardTransliteration     TransliterationTrainingData     IntegratingTransliteration   SyntacticPrereordering   POSChunkPrereordering   SyntacticReranking   IntegratingSyntacticFeatures LanguageModels   NGramLanguageModels   TargetedLanguageModels   MorphologicalLanguageModels   VeryLargeLanguageModels Decoding   StackDecoding   ReorderingConstraints   WordBasedDecoding   FiniteStateMachines   DecodingComplexity   SyntaxModelDecoding Evaluation   EvaluationCampaigns   ManualMetrics   TaskBasedMetrics   EditRateMetrics   NGramMetrics   SyntaxBasedMetrics   CorrelationOfMetrics   TrainedMetrics   TranslationDifficulty   StatisticalSignificance MachineLearning   WordGraphs   ParameterTuning   Reranking   LargeScaleDiscriminativeTraining   MinimumBayesRisk   ConfidenceMeasures   SystemCombination   IncrementalUpdating NeuralNetworkModels   NeuralLanguageModels   AttentionModel   Training   Inference   Coverage   Vocabulary   Embeddings   MultilingualWordEmbeddings   MonolingualData   Adaptation   LinguisticAnnotation   MultilingualMultimodalMultitask   AlternativeArchitectures   AnalysisAndVisualization   NeuralComponentsInStatisticalMachineTranslation add

  

  @InProceedings{russell-gillespie:2016:EMNLP2016,
  author = {Russell, Ben and Gillespie, Duncan},
  title = {Measuring the behavioral impact of machine translation quality improvements with A/B testing},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2016 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing},
  month = {November},
  address = {Austin, Texas},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {2295--2299},
  url = {https://aclweb.org/anthology/D16-1251},
  year = 2016
  }
  Russell and Gillespie (2016)
• Matsuzaki, Takuya and Fujita, Akira and Todo, Naoya and H. Arai, Noriko (2015): Evaluating Machine Translation Systems with Second Language Proficiency Tests, Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 2: Short Papers)

  DELETEIntroduction   ResearchGroups   AvailableSoftware   SpeechTranslation   SignLanguage   ComputerAidedTranslation   OtherApproaches   Deployment Data   ParallelCorpora   ComparableCorpora   Dictionaries   CorpusCleaning   SentenceAlignment   Truecasing   WordSegmentation   SpellingCorrection   SparseData   PivotLanguages   DomainAdaptation WordBasedModels   IBMModels   Symmetrization   WordAlignment     WordAlignmentBasedOnCoocurrence     WordAlignmentWithLinguisticAnnotation     WordAlignmentForSyntaxBasedModels     DiscriminativeWordAlignment     WordAlignmentCombination     WordAlignmentEvaluation     AlignmentOfSubsententialUnits   DictionariesFromComparableCorpora   LexicalChoice   MTWithoutWordAlignment PhraseBasedModels   PhraseBasedModelTraining   PhraseBasedModelEM   PhraseBasedModelRefinement   ContextFeatures   Smoothing   Paraphrasing   PruningLargeModels   SuffixArrays   ReorderingModels   PhraseBasedVsEBMT SyntaxBasedModels   InversionTransductionGrammars   HierarchicalModels   StringToTree   TreeToString   TreeToTree   BinarizingSCFG   GenerativeSyntaxModels   DependencyStructure   DeepSyntax   ParseQuality   ParallelTreebanks   SyntacticCoherence LinguisticProblems   UnknownWords   Morphology   GeneratingRichMorphology   FactoredTranslationModels   Compounds   TranslatingTenseCaseMarkers   TranslatingChunksAndClauses   DocumentLevelAspects   Transliteration     TransliterationWithFSM     TransliterationWithOtherMethods     ForwardTransliteration     TransliterationTrainingData     IntegratingTransliteration   SyntacticPrereordering   POSChunkPrereordering   SyntacticReranking   IntegratingSyntacticFeatures LanguageModels   NGramLanguageModels   TargetedLanguageModels   MorphologicalLanguageModels   VeryLargeLanguageModels Decoding   StackDecoding   ReorderingConstraints   WordBasedDecoding   FiniteStateMachines   DecodingComplexity   SyntaxModelDecoding Evaluation   EvaluationCampaigns   ManualMetrics   TaskBasedMetrics   EditRateMetrics   NGramMetrics   SyntaxBasedMetrics   CorrelationOfMetrics   TrainedMetrics   TranslationDifficulty   StatisticalSignificance MachineLearning   WordGraphs   ParameterTuning   Reranking   LargeScaleDiscriminativeTraining   MinimumBayesRisk   ConfidenceMeasures   SystemCombination   IncrementalUpdating NeuralNetworkModels   NeuralLanguageModels   AttentionModel   Training   Inference   Coverage   Vocabulary   Embeddings   MultilingualWordEmbeddings   MonolingualData   Adaptation   LinguisticAnnotation   MultilingualMultimodalMultitask   AlternativeArchitectures   AnalysisAndVisualization   NeuralComponentsInStatisticalMachineTranslation add

  

  @InProceedings{matsuzaki-EtAl:2015:ACL-IJCNLP,
  author = {Matsuzaki, Takuya and Fujita, Akira and Todo, Naoya and H. Arai, Noriko},
  title = {Evaluating Machine Translation Systems with Second Language Proficiency Tests},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 2: Short Papers)},
  month = {July},
  address = {Beijing, China},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {145--149},
  url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P15-2024},
  year = 2015
  }
  Matsuzaki et al. (2015)
• Jan Berka and Martin Čern\'y and Ondřej Bojar (2011): Quiz-Based Evaluation of Machine Translation, The Prague Bulletin of Mathematical Linguistics

  DELETEIntroduction   ResearchGroups   AvailableSoftware   SpeechTranslation   SignLanguage   ComputerAidedTranslation   OtherApproaches   Deployment Data   ParallelCorpora   ComparableCorpora   Dictionaries   CorpusCleaning   SentenceAlignment   Truecasing   WordSegmentation   SpellingCorrection   SparseData   PivotLanguages   DomainAdaptation WordBasedModels   IBMModels   Symmetrization   WordAlignment     WordAlignmentBasedOnCoocurrence     WordAlignmentWithLinguisticAnnotation     WordAlignmentForSyntaxBasedModels     DiscriminativeWordAlignment     WordAlignmentCombination     WordAlignmentEvaluation     AlignmentOfSubsententialUnits   DictionariesFromComparableCorpora   LexicalChoice   MTWithoutWordAlignment PhraseBasedModels   PhraseBasedModelTraining   PhraseBasedModelEM   PhraseBasedModelRefinement   ContextFeatures   Smoothing   Paraphrasing   PruningLargeModels   SuffixArrays   ReorderingModels   PhraseBasedVsEBMT SyntaxBasedModels   InversionTransductionGrammars   HierarchicalModels   StringToTree   TreeToString   TreeToTree   BinarizingSCFG   GenerativeSyntaxModels   DependencyStructure   DeepSyntax   ParseQuality   ParallelTreebanks   SyntacticCoherence LinguisticProblems   UnknownWords   Morphology   GeneratingRichMorphology   FactoredTranslationModels   Compounds   TranslatingTenseCaseMarkers   TranslatingChunksAndClauses   DocumentLevelAspects   Transliteration     TransliterationWithFSM     TransliterationWithOtherMethods     ForwardTransliteration     TransliterationTrainingData     IntegratingTransliteration   SyntacticPrereordering   POSChunkPrereordering   SyntacticReranking   IntegratingSyntacticFeatures LanguageModels   NGramLanguageModels   TargetedLanguageModels   MorphologicalLanguageModels   VeryLargeLanguageModels Decoding   StackDecoding   ReorderingConstraints   WordBasedDecoding   FiniteStateMachines   DecodingComplexity   SyntaxModelDecoding Evaluation   EvaluationCampaigns   ManualMetrics   TaskBasedMetrics   EditRateMetrics   NGramMetrics   SyntaxBasedMetrics   CorrelationOfMetrics   TrainedMetrics   TranslationDifficulty   StatisticalSignificance MachineLearning   WordGraphs   ParameterTuning   Reranking   LargeScaleDiscriminativeTraining   MinimumBayesRisk   ConfidenceMeasures   SystemCombination   IncrementalUpdating NeuralNetworkModels   NeuralLanguageModels   AttentionModel   Training   Inference   Coverage   Vocabulary   Embeddings   MultilingualWordEmbeddings   MonolingualData   Adaptation   LinguisticAnnotation   MultilingualMultimodalMultitask   AlternativeArchitectures   AnalysisAndVisualization   NeuralComponentsInStatisticalMachineTranslation add

  

  @article{pbml-95-berka-cerny-bojar,
  author = {Jan Berka and Martin \v{C}ern{\'y} and Ond\v{r}ej Bojar},
  title = {Quiz-Based Evaluation of Machine Translation},
  url = {http://ufal.mff.cuni.cz/pbml/95/art-berka-cerny-bojar.pdf},
  pages = {77--86},
  journal = {The Prague Bulletin of Mathematical Linguistics},
  volume = {95},
  year = 2011
  }
  Berka et al. (2011)
• Lingxiao Wang and Christian Boitet (2013): Online production of HQ parallel corpora and permanent task-based evaluation of multiple MT systems: both can be obtained through iMAGs with no added cost, Proceedings of Workshop on Post-editing Technology and Practice

  DELETEIntroduction   ResearchGroups   AvailableSoftware   SpeechTranslation   SignLanguage   ComputerAidedTranslation   OtherApproaches   Deployment Data   ParallelCorpora   ComparableCorpora   Dictionaries   CorpusCleaning   SentenceAlignment   Truecasing   WordSegmentation   SpellingCorrection   SparseData   PivotLanguages   DomainAdaptation WordBasedModels   IBMModels   Symmetrization   WordAlignment     WordAlignmentBasedOnCoocurrence     WordAlignmentWithLinguisticAnnotation     WordAlignmentForSyntaxBasedModels     DiscriminativeWordAlignment     WordAlignmentCombination     WordAlignmentEvaluation     AlignmentOfSubsententialUnits   DictionariesFromComparableCorpora   LexicalChoice   MTWithoutWordAlignment PhraseBasedModels   PhraseBasedModelTraining   PhraseBasedModelEM   PhraseBasedModelRefinement   ContextFeatures   Smoothing   Paraphrasing   PruningLargeModels   SuffixArrays   ReorderingModels   PhraseBasedVsEBMT SyntaxBasedModels   InversionTransductionGrammars   HierarchicalModels   StringToTree   TreeToString   TreeToTree   BinarizingSCFG   GenerativeSyntaxModels   DependencyStructure   DeepSyntax   ParseQuality   ParallelTreebanks   SyntacticCoherence LinguisticProblems   UnknownWords   Morphology   GeneratingRichMorphology   FactoredTranslationModels   Compounds   TranslatingTenseCaseMarkers   TranslatingChunksAndClauses   DocumentLevelAspects   Transliteration     TransliterationWithFSM     TransliterationWithOtherMethods     ForwardTransliteration     TransliterationTrainingData     IntegratingTransliteration   SyntacticPrereordering   POSChunkPrereordering   SyntacticReranking   IntegratingSyntacticFeatures LanguageModels   NGramLanguageModels   TargetedLanguageModels   MorphologicalLanguageModels   VeryLargeLanguageModels Decoding   StackDecoding   ReorderingConstraints   WordBasedDecoding   FiniteStateMachines   DecodingComplexity   SyntaxModelDecoding Evaluation   EvaluationCampaigns   ManualMetrics   TaskBasedMetrics   EditRateMetrics   NGramMetrics   SyntaxBasedMetrics   CorrelationOfMetrics   TrainedMetrics   TranslationDifficulty   StatisticalSignificance MachineLearning   WordGraphs   ParameterTuning   Reranking   LargeScaleDiscriminativeTraining   MinimumBayesRisk   ConfidenceMeasures   SystemCombination   IncrementalUpdating NeuralNetworkModels   NeuralLanguageModels   AttentionModel   Training   Inference   Coverage   Vocabulary   Embeddings   MultilingualWordEmbeddings   MonolingualData   Adaptation   LinguisticAnnotation   MultilingualMultimodalMultitask   AlternativeArchitectures   AnalysisAndVisualization   NeuralComponentsInStatisticalMachineTranslation add

  

  @inproceedings{MTS2013W2-Wang,
  author = {Lingxiao Wang and Christian Boitet},
  title = {Online production of {HQ} parallel corpora and permanent task-based evaluation of multiple {MT} systems: both can be obtained through {iMAGs} with no added cost},
  url = {http://www.mt-archive.info/10/MTS-2013-W2-Wang.pdf},
  pages = {103--110},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of Workshop on Post-editing Technology and Practice},
  year = 2013
  }
  Wang and Boitet (2013)
• William Ogden and Ron Zacharski and Sieun An and Yuki Ishikawa (2009): User choice as an evaluation metric for web translation in cross language instant messaging applications, Proceedings of the Twelfth Machine Translation Summit (MT Summit XII)

  DELETEIntroduction   ResearchGroups   AvailableSoftware   SpeechTranslation   SignLanguage   ComputerAidedTranslation   OtherApproaches   Deployment Data   ParallelCorpora   ComparableCorpora   Dictionaries   CorpusCleaning   SentenceAlignment   Truecasing   WordSegmentation   SpellingCorrection   SparseData   PivotLanguages   DomainAdaptation WordBasedModels   IBMModels   Symmetrization   WordAlignment     WordAlignmentBasedOnCoocurrence     WordAlignmentWithLinguisticAnnotation     WordAlignmentForSyntaxBasedModels     DiscriminativeWordAlignment     WordAlignmentCombination     WordAlignmentEvaluation     AlignmentOfSubsententialUnits   DictionariesFromComparableCorpora   LexicalChoice   MTWithoutWordAlignment PhraseBasedModels   PhraseBasedModelTraining   PhraseBasedModelEM   PhraseBasedModelRefinement   ContextFeatures   Smoothing   Paraphrasing   PruningLargeModels   SuffixArrays   ReorderingModels   PhraseBasedVsEBMT SyntaxBasedModels   InversionTransductionGrammars   HierarchicalModels   StringToTree   TreeToString   TreeToTree   BinarizingSCFG   GenerativeSyntaxModels   DependencyStructure   DeepSyntax   ParseQuality   ParallelTreebanks   SyntacticCoherence LinguisticProblems   UnknownWords   Morphology   GeneratingRichMorphology   FactoredTranslationModels   Compounds   TranslatingTenseCaseMarkers   TranslatingChunksAndClauses   DocumentLevelAspects   Transliteration     TransliterationWithFSM     TransliterationWithOtherMethods     ForwardTransliteration     TransliterationTrainingData     IntegratingTransliteration   SyntacticPrereordering   POSChunkPrereordering   SyntacticReranking   IntegratingSyntacticFeatures LanguageModels   NGramLanguageModels   TargetedLanguageModels   MorphologicalLanguageModels   VeryLargeLanguageModels Decoding   StackDecoding   ReorderingConstraints   WordBasedDecoding   FiniteStateMachines   DecodingComplexity   SyntaxModelDecoding Evaluation   EvaluationCampaigns   ManualMetrics   TaskBasedMetrics   EditRateMetrics   NGramMetrics   SyntaxBasedMetrics   CorrelationOfMetrics   TrainedMetrics   TranslationDifficulty   StatisticalSignificance MachineLearning   WordGraphs   ParameterTuning   Reranking   LargeScaleDiscriminativeTraining   MinimumBayesRisk   ConfidenceMeasures   SystemCombination   IncrementalUpdating NeuralNetworkModels   NeuralLanguageModels   AttentionModel   Training   Inference   Coverage   Vocabulary   Embeddings   MultilingualWordEmbeddings   MonolingualData   Adaptation   LinguisticAnnotation   MultilingualMultimodalMultitask   AlternativeArchitectures   AnalysisAndVisualization   NeuralComponentsInStatisticalMachineTranslation add

  

  @inproceedings{MTS09:Ogden,
  author = {William Ogden and Ron Zacharski and Sieun An and Yuki Ishikawa},
  title = {User choice as an evaluation metric for web translation in cross language instant messaging applications},
  url = {http://web.nmsu.edu/~ogden/pdf/MT-Summit\_Ogden.pdf},
  googlescholar = {6537946045852690563},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Twelfth Machine Translation Summit (MT Summit XII)},
  publisher = {International Association for Machine Translation},
  location = {Ottawa, Ontario, Canada},
  year = 2009
  }
  Ogden et al. (2009)
• Calandra R. Tate (2008): A Statistical Analysis of Automated MT Evaluation Metrics for Assessments in Task-Based MT Evaluation, Proceedings of the Eighth Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas (AMTA)

  DELETEIntroduction   ResearchGroups   AvailableSoftware   SpeechTranslation   SignLanguage   ComputerAidedTranslation   OtherApproaches   Deployment Data   ParallelCorpora   ComparableCorpora   Dictionaries   CorpusCleaning   SentenceAlignment   Truecasing   WordSegmentation   SpellingCorrection   SparseData   PivotLanguages   DomainAdaptation WordBasedModels   IBMModels   Symmetrization   WordAlignment     WordAlignmentBasedOnCoocurrence     WordAlignmentWithLinguisticAnnotation     WordAlignmentForSyntaxBasedModels     DiscriminativeWordAlignment     WordAlignmentCombination     WordAlignmentEvaluation     AlignmentOfSubsententialUnits   DictionariesFromComparableCorpora   LexicalChoice   MTWithoutWordAlignment PhraseBasedModels   PhraseBasedModelTraining   PhraseBasedModelEM   PhraseBasedModelRefinement   ContextFeatures   Smoothing   Paraphrasing   PruningLargeModels   SuffixArrays   ReorderingModels   PhraseBasedVsEBMT SyntaxBasedModels   InversionTransductionGrammars   HierarchicalModels   StringToTree   TreeToString   TreeToTree   BinarizingSCFG   GenerativeSyntaxModels   DependencyStructure   DeepSyntax   ParseQuality   ParallelTreebanks   SyntacticCoherence LinguisticProblems   UnknownWords   Morphology   GeneratingRichMorphology   FactoredTranslationModels   Compounds   TranslatingTenseCaseMarkers   TranslatingChunksAndClauses   DocumentLevelAspects   Transliteration     TransliterationWithFSM     TransliterationWithOtherMethods     ForwardTransliteration     TransliterationTrainingData     IntegratingTransliteration   SyntacticPrereordering   POSChunkPrereordering   SyntacticReranking   IntegratingSyntacticFeatures LanguageModels   NGramLanguageModels   TargetedLanguageModels   MorphologicalLanguageModels   VeryLargeLanguageModels Decoding   StackDecoding   ReorderingConstraints   WordBasedDecoding   FiniteStateMachines   DecodingComplexity   SyntaxModelDecoding Evaluation   EvaluationCampaigns   ManualMetrics   TaskBasedMetrics   EditRateMetrics   NGramMetrics   SyntaxBasedMetrics   CorrelationOfMetrics   TrainedMetrics   TranslationDifficulty   StatisticalSignificance MachineLearning   WordGraphs   ParameterTuning   Reranking   LargeScaleDiscriminativeTraining   MinimumBayesRisk   ConfidenceMeasures   SystemCombination   IncrementalUpdating NeuralNetworkModels   NeuralLanguageModels   AttentionModel   Training   Inference   Coverage   Vocabulary   Embeddings   MultilingualWordEmbeddings   MonolingualData   Adaptation   LinguisticAnnotation   MultilingualMultimodalMultitask   AlternativeArchitectures   AnalysisAndVisualization   NeuralComponentsInStatisticalMachineTranslation add

  

  @inproceedings{amta08:Tate,
  author = {Calandra R. Tate},
  title = {A Statistical Analysis of Automated {MT} Evaluation Metrics for Assessments in Task-Based {MT} Evaluation},
  url = {http://www.mt-archive.info/AMTA-2008-Tate.pdf},
  googlescholar = {2959873402337910658},
  pages = {182--191},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Eighth Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas (AMTA)},
  location = {Waikiki, Hawaii},
  year = 2008
  }
  Tate (2008)
• Anne H. Schneider and Ielka van der Sluis and Saturnino Luz (2010): Comparing Intrinsic and Extrinsic Evaluation of MT Output in a Dialogue System, Proceedings of the seventh International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation (IWSLT)

  DELETEIntroduction   ResearchGroups   AvailableSoftware   SpeechTranslation   SignLanguage   ComputerAidedTranslation   OtherApproaches   Deployment Data   ParallelCorpora   ComparableCorpora   Dictionaries   CorpusCleaning   SentenceAlignment   Truecasing   WordSegmentation   SpellingCorrection   SparseData   PivotLanguages   DomainAdaptation WordBasedModels   IBMModels   Symmetrization   WordAlignment     WordAlignmentBasedOnCoocurrence     WordAlignmentWithLinguisticAnnotation     WordAlignmentForSyntaxBasedModels     DiscriminativeWordAlignment     WordAlignmentCombination     WordAlignmentEvaluation     AlignmentOfSubsententialUnits   DictionariesFromComparableCorpora   LexicalChoice   MTWithoutWordAlignment PhraseBasedModels   PhraseBasedModelTraining   PhraseBasedModelEM   PhraseBasedModelRefinement   ContextFeatures   Smoothing   Paraphrasing   PruningLargeModels   SuffixArrays   ReorderingModels   PhraseBasedVsEBMT SyntaxBasedModels   InversionTransductionGrammars   HierarchicalModels   StringToTree   TreeToString   TreeToTree   BinarizingSCFG   GenerativeSyntaxModels   DependencyStructure   DeepSyntax   ParseQuality   ParallelTreebanks   SyntacticCoherence LinguisticProblems   UnknownWords   Morphology   GeneratingRichMorphology   FactoredTranslationModels   Compounds   TranslatingTenseCaseMarkers   TranslatingChunksAndClauses   DocumentLevelAspects   Transliteration     TransliterationWithFSM     TransliterationWithOtherMethods     ForwardTransliteration     TransliterationTrainingData     IntegratingTransliteration   SyntacticPrereordering   POSChunkPrereordering   SyntacticReranking   IntegratingSyntacticFeatures LanguageModels   NGramLanguageModels   TargetedLanguageModels   MorphologicalLanguageModels   VeryLargeLanguageModels Decoding   StackDecoding   ReorderingConstraints   WordBasedDecoding   FiniteStateMachines   DecodingComplexity   SyntaxModelDecoding Evaluation   EvaluationCampaigns   ManualMetrics   TaskBasedMetrics   EditRateMetrics   NGramMetrics   SyntaxBasedMetrics   CorrelationOfMetrics   TrainedMetrics   TranslationDifficulty   StatisticalSignificance MachineLearning   WordGraphs   ParameterTuning   Reranking   LargeScaleDiscriminativeTraining   MinimumBayesRisk   ConfidenceMeasures   SystemCombination   IncrementalUpdating NeuralNetworkModels   NeuralLanguageModels   AttentionModel   Training   Inference   Coverage   Vocabulary   Embeddings   MultilingualWordEmbeddings   MonolingualData   Adaptation   LinguisticAnnotation   MultilingualMultimodalMultitask   AlternativeArchitectures   AnalysisAndVisualization   NeuralComponentsInStatisticalMachineTranslation add

  

  @inproceedings{iwslt10:TP:schneider,
  author = {{Anne H.} Schneider and Ielka {van der Sluis} and Saturnino Luz},
  title = {{Comparing Intrinsic and Extrinsic Evaluation of {MT} Output in a Dialogue System}},
  url = {http://www.cngl.ie/drupal/sites/default/files/papers3/iwslt10.pdf},
  googlescholar = {2196149662623753150},
  editor = {Marcello Federico and Ian Lane and Michael Paul and Fran\c{c}ois Yvon},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the seventh International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation (IWSLT)},
  pages = {329--336},
  location = {Paris, France},
  year = 2010
  }
  Schneider et al. (2010)
• Jones, Douglas A. and Herzog, Martha and Ibrahim, Hussny and Jairam, Arvind and Shen, Wade and Gibson, Edward and Emonts, Michael (2007): ILR-Based MT Comprehension Test with Multi-Level Questions, Human Language Technologies 2007: The Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics; Companion Volume, Short Papers

  DELETEIntroduction   ResearchGroups   AvailableSoftware   SpeechTranslation   SignLanguage   ComputerAidedTranslation   OtherApproaches   Deployment Data   ParallelCorpora   ComparableCorpora   Dictionaries   CorpusCleaning   SentenceAlignment   Truecasing   WordSegmentation   SpellingCorrection   SparseData   PivotLanguages   DomainAdaptation WordBasedModels   IBMModels   Symmetrization   WordAlignment     WordAlignmentBasedOnCoocurrence     WordAlignmentWithLinguisticAnnotation     WordAlignmentForSyntaxBasedModels     DiscriminativeWordAlignment     WordAlignmentCombination     WordAlignmentEvaluation     AlignmentOfSubsententialUnits   DictionariesFromComparableCorpora   LexicalChoice   MTWithoutWordAlignment PhraseBasedModels   PhraseBasedModelTraining   PhraseBasedModelEM   PhraseBasedModelRefinement   ContextFeatures   Smoothing   Paraphrasing   PruningLargeModels   SuffixArrays   ReorderingModels   PhraseBasedVsEBMT SyntaxBasedModels   InversionTransductionGrammars   HierarchicalModels   StringToTree   TreeToString   TreeToTree   BinarizingSCFG   GenerativeSyntaxModels   DependencyStructure   DeepSyntax   ParseQuality   ParallelTreebanks   SyntacticCoherence LinguisticProblems   UnknownWords   Morphology   GeneratingRichMorphology   FactoredTranslationModels   Compounds   TranslatingTenseCaseMarkers   TranslatingChunksAndClauses   DocumentLevelAspects   Transliteration     TransliterationWithFSM     TransliterationWithOtherMethods     ForwardTransliteration     TransliterationTrainingData     IntegratingTransliteration   SyntacticPrereordering   POSChunkPrereordering   SyntacticReranking   IntegratingSyntacticFeatures LanguageModels   NGramLanguageModels   TargetedLanguageModels   MorphologicalLanguageModels   VeryLargeLanguageModels Decoding   StackDecoding   ReorderingConstraints   WordBasedDecoding   FiniteStateMachines   DecodingComplexity   SyntaxModelDecoding Evaluation   EvaluationCampaigns   ManualMetrics   TaskBasedMetrics   EditRateMetrics   NGramMetrics   SyntaxBasedMetrics   CorrelationOfMetrics   TrainedMetrics   TranslationDifficulty   StatisticalSignificance MachineLearning   WordGraphs   ParameterTuning   Reranking   LargeScaleDiscriminativeTraining   MinimumBayesRisk   ConfidenceMeasures   SystemCombination   IncrementalUpdating NeuralNetworkModels   NeuralLanguageModels   AttentionModel   Training   Inference   Coverage   Vocabulary   Embeddings   MultilingualWordEmbeddings   MonolingualData   Adaptation   LinguisticAnnotation   MultilingualMultimodalMultitask   AlternativeArchitectures   AnalysisAndVisualization   NeuralComponentsInStatisticalMachineTranslation add

  

  @InProceedings{jones-EtAl:2007:ShortPapers,
  author = {Jones, Douglas A. and Herzog, Martha and Ibrahim, Hussny and Jairam, Arvind and Shen, Wade and Gibson, Edward and Emonts, Michael},
  title = {{ILR}-Based {MT} Comprehension Test with Multi-Level Questions},
  booktitle = {Human Language Technologies 2007: The Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics; Companion Volume, Short Papers},
  month = {April},
  address = {Rochester, New York},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  pages = {77--80},
  url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/N/N07/N07-2020},
  year = 2007
  }
  Jones et al. (2007)